isishwankathelo
I-American Association of State Highway kunye namaGosa okuThutha anikwe umsebenzi wokumisela imigangatho ekuyileni nasekwakheni zonke iziseko zohola wendlela ukuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokhuseleko. Omnye umgangatho onjalo yi-AASHTO M180, efumaneka kwiinkcukacha zentsimbi yezithuba zendlela yokugada. Esi sithuba, kule meko, sidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekukhuseleni izithuthi nabahambi ngeenyawo kwiingozi ezingaphakathi koovimba bendlela. Eli phepha liqwalasela iimpawu eziphambili, iiparitha zobugcisa, kunye neenzuzo zezithuba zentsimbi ze-AASHTO M180.
Iimpawu ze-AASHTO M180 zeNsimbi zePosti
Amandla amakhulu Izithuba ze-AASHTO M180, ngokuyila, zenziwe kwintsimbi ephezulu, ubukhulu becala iBakala 345 okanye i-350. Ukukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kuthetha ukuba izithuba zigcina ingqibelelo yesakhiwo kunye nokulawula ukuxhathisa imithwalo yempembelelo. Intsimbi iya kwanelisa iimfuno ze-ASTM kwiintsimbi ezifana ne-ASTM A570 yentsimbi epholileyo okanye i-ASTM A588 yensimbi yemozulu.
Ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo Imigangatho ibeka ubuncinane beesayizi zezithuba ngokobude, ububanzi kunye nobukhulu bodonga. Oku kufana kuqinisekisa ukubekwa okufanelekileyo kunye nokuhambelana namanye amalungu enkqubo yokugada.
Ukukhuselwa kuMhlwa Ukumelana nemozulu enzima kunye nezinye izinto zangaphandle, i-AASHTO M180 idinga ukuba izithuba zentsimbi zenziwe nge-galvanized, zifakwe, okanye ziphathwe ukugxotha ukubola. Oku kunokwenziwa nge-galvanization yediphu eshushu yobuncinci bokutyeba kwe-ASTM A123 okanye eminye imigangatho ebonelela ngokhuseleko lomhlwa olulinganayo.
Iinkcukacha zokufaka Inkcazo inika inkqubo yokufakela izithuba ngendlela yokuba zixhaswe ngokwaneleyo kwaye zifane ngokwaneleyo. Ezi zinokufakelwa kusetyenziswa iinkqubo zokomba ezivunyiweyo, zokuqhuba, okanye zokuseta ikhonkrithi kunye nezithuba ezicetyiswayo kunye nolungelelwaniso olufanele ukunika iindibano ezisebenzayo nezikholisayo.
IiParameters zobuGcisa be-AASHTO M180 Posts
imathiriyeli
- IBanga leNsimbi: Ngokwesiqhelo ibakala 345 okanye 350
- Imigangatho: Ukuhambelana ne-ASTM A570 (intsimbi epholileyo) okanye i-ASTM A588 (intsimbi yemozulu)
amacala
- Ubude besithuba: Ngokuqhelekileyo ubude bezithuba buhluka phakathi kwe-9.5 kunye ne-12.5 yeenyawo, kuxhomekeke kwisicelo.
- Ububanzi bePosi: Ngesiqhelo, yi-3.25 intshi (82.55 mm)
- Ukutyeba kweendonga: kuyahluka phakathi kwe-0.165 intshi (4.19 mm) kunye ne-0.200 intshi (5.08 mm)
Nokumelana Resistance
- Galvanizing: I-coating eshushu-diphu apho izithuba kufuneka zifakwe igalvanizing. I-ASTM A123 ichaza ubuncinci bobunzima bokugquma
- Ukwaleka: Enye into yokwaleka kufuneka ihambelane nemigangatho echaziweyo yokuxhathisa umhlwa
Izidingo zokufakela
- I-Anchoring: Izithuba kufuneka zixhaswe ngokungqongqo ngeendlela ezifanelekileyo ezifana nokubhola, ukuqhuba, kunye nokuseta ikhonkrithi.
- Izithuba kunye noLungelelwaniso: Ezi zilawulwa kwiimfuno ezithile zokuxhasa izithuba ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokugcinwa kwenkangeleko
Testing
- Uvavanyo lweMpembelelo: Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba izithuba zinokumelana neengozi zeemoto
- Uvavanyo lwe-Tensile: Oku kusetyenziswa ekumiseleni amandla esivuno kunye namandla okugqibela entsimbi.
Izibonelelo zokusebenzisa izithuba ze-AASHTO M180
Ukhuseleko oluphuculweyo Ukusetyenziswa kwezithuba ezithobelayo ze-AASHTO M180 kuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa kwezithuba ezomeleleyo, ezikumgangatho ophezulu eziphucula kakhulu ukhuseleko ezindleleni.
Uyilo olusemgangathweni Imilinganiselo efanayo kunye neendlela zokufakela kumgca wemveliso zizitshixo zokuhambelana kunye nokulula ukwakhiwa.
Ukusebenza kweNdleko Ukubekwa emgangathweni kunye nokusebenza okuqinisekisiweyo kunciphisa imfuno yokutshintsha umsebenzi obiza imali eninzi kunye nezinye izinto ezingeloncedo zexesha elide.
Usetyenziso olusebenzayo lwe-AASHTO M180 yeZithuba zeNsimbi
Izithintelo zendlela yeMedi Isicelo esiqhelekileyo se-AASHTO M180 izithuba zetsimbi zikwimithintelo ye-highway median, ethintela izithuthi ukuba ziwele kwi-traffic ezayo kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokungqubana kwentloko. Ngaloo ndlela, izithuba zetsimbi eziphakamileyo ziqinisekisa ukuba izithintelo ezakhiweyo ziyakwazi ukuchasana nempembelelo ephezulu kwaye, ngokubuyisela, zisebenza njengesithintelo esikhuselekileyo sokukhusela.
IiGuardrails ezisecaleni kwendlela Ngeentsimbi zentsimbi ye-AASHTO M180, zikhusele izithuthi ekuweni ngengozi ecaleni kwendlela, ngakumbi kwimimandla enzima okanye kwiindawo ezigobileyo. Imilinganiselo efanayo kunye neendlela zokubeka ezisemgangathweni zezi ntsimbi zokugada ecaleni kwendlela zibenza bathembeke kwaye basebenziseke.
IiGardrails zeBridge Iindlela zokugada iibhulorho zinika isiqinisekiso esongezelelweyo ngaphakathi kweebhulorho, apho ukungqubana kwesithuthi kunokuba neziphumo ezibi, kusetyenziswe izithuba ze-AASHTO M180. Ngaphaya koko, isithuba sokuchasa umhlwa senza inkqubo yokugada ihlale ixesha elide kwaye isebenziseke nakwiimeko zokusingqongileyo ezinobutshaba, eziqhelekileyo kwiibhulorho.
IiNdlela zoKhuseleko eziNtabeni Iindlela ezisezintabeni zinika umngeni okhethekileyo wokujika nokuqengqeleka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokuphakama. Izincedisi ze-Guardrail zilungiswe kakuhle kula macandelo nge-AASHTO M180 izithuba zentsimbi zokuqina okuphezulu ukuphepha izithuthi ezihamba endleleni kunye nokukhusela abaqhubi.
Enye Impembelelo yokuSingqongileyo
Ukusetyenziswa kwensimbi ye-weathering (ASTM A588) kwizithuba ze-AASHTO M180 aziphuculanga nje kuphela ubude bokuphila kodwa kunciphise kakhulu ukugcinwa kokugcinwa. I-Weathering steel ithatha imbonakalo ezinzileyo efana ne-rust, eyenza i-coating yokukhusela ephelisa imfuneko yokudweba okanye ezinye izinto ezongezelelweyo zengubo.
Ukugcinwa kunye nokuhlolwa Ukugcinwa ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokuhlolwa kuya kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo yokugada. Oku kuya kuba lula njengokukhangela naluphi na uphawu lokudleka, umonakalo wempembelelo yesithuthi, kunye nokuba izithuba zisaxhonywe ngokwaneleyo kusini na. Oku kugcina ukuthembeka kwezi nkqubo zokhuseleko ukuba zihlale ixesha elide kwixesha elide.
isishwankathelo
I-AASHTO M180 ibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuba zonke izithuba zendlela kaloliwe zikhuselekile kwaye zithembeke kakhulu. Ichaza intsimbi ephezulu, imilinganiselo echanekileyo, kunye nemilinganiselo efanelekileyo yokumelana nokubola; ngoko ke, ngalo mgangatho, iinkqubo zokugada ziyaphuhliswa, eziya kuthi zingqineke ziqinile kwaye zisebenzele ukunceda nokukhusela abasebenzisi bendlela ngokuthembekileyo.
- High-Amandla Steel: Ivumela izithuba ukuba zithathe imithwalo yempembelelo ngaphandle kokusilela ngelixa ugcina isakhiwo.
- Imilinganiselo esemgangathweni: Iqinisekisa ukuhambelana kunye nofakelo olufanelekileyo.
- Nokumelana Resistance: Ukukhuselwa kwezikhundla ngokuchasene nefuthe elinamandla lokusingqongileyo.
- Imigangatho yokuFakela: Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ifemu ibambelela kwisithuba kwaye isebenza ngokoyilo.
- Isicelo esisebenzayo: Ukusuka koohola bendlela ukuya kwiindlela zeentaba, ezi zithuba zingumthombo obalulekileyo wamanyathelo okhuseleko.
Ukuqukumbela, ukulandela i-AASHTO M180 ekwenzeni iindlela zokugada uhola wendlela kubalulekile kukhuseleko kunye nobomi obude. Ekubeni izithuba zetsimbi ziza kubonelela ngeli nqanaba libalaseleyo lomsebenzi ofunekayo, ukhuseleko lwendlela luphuculwe, kwaye kunjalo nobomi bomntu wonke. Ulwazi olongezelelweyo okanye inkxaso inokufumaneka ngokuqhagamshelana neengcali zeshishini kunye nokuphonononga iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo ze-AASHTO M180.
